Amakuru y'Ubuvuzi bw'Amatungo: Iterambere mu bushakashatsi ku bicurane by'inyoni

Amakuru 01

Gutahura bwa mbere ubwoko bwa virusi ya grippe y'inyoni ya H4N6 mu bishuhe by'inyoni (Anas platyrhynchos) muri Isirayeli

Avishai Lublin ， Nikki Thie ， Irina Shkoda ， Luba Simanov ， Gila Kahila Bar-Gal ， Yigal Farnoushi ， Roni King ， Wayne M Getz ， Pauline L Kamath ， Rauri CK Bowie ， Ran Nathan

PMID ： 35687561 ； DOI ： 10.1111 / tbed.14610

Virusi ya grippe y'inkoko (AIV) iteje akaga gakomeye ku buzima bw'inyamaswa n'abantu ku isi yose. Kubera ko inyoni zo mu mazi zo mu gasozi zandura AIV ku isi yose, gukora ubushakashatsi ku ikwirakwira rya AIV mu mashyamba ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo dusobanukirwe ikwirakwira rya virusi no guhanura icyorezo mu matungo yo mu rugo no ku bantu. Muri ubu bushakashatsi, ubwoko bwa H4N6 AIV bwatoranijwe bwa mbere mu mwanda w'ibishuhe by'icyatsi kibisi byo mu gasozi (Anas platyrhynchos) muri Isirayeli. Ibisubizo bya phylogenetike bya gene ya HA na NA bigaragaza ko ubu bwoko bufitanye isano ya hafi n'inyamaswa zo mu Burayi na Aziya. Kubera ko Isirayeli iherereye ku nzira yo kwimuka hagati ya Arctique na Afurika, bikekwa ko ubwo bwoko bushobora kuba bwarazanywe n'inyoni zimuka. Isesengura rya phylogenetike rya gene y'imbere ya gene (PB1, PB2, PA, NP, M na NS) ryagaragaje isano iri hejuru ya phylogenetike n'izindi type za AIV, bigaragaza ko hari ikintu cyabayeho mbere muri iyi gene. Iyi ngano ya H4N6 ya AIV ifite igipimo cyo kongera kwihuza kw'uturemangingo, ishobora kwanduza ingurube nzima no gufata ibyuma bifasha abantu gufata, kandi ishobora gutera indwara zo mu gihe kizaza.

Amakuru 02

Incamake y'ibicurane by'inyoni mu Muryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi, Werurwe-Kamena 2022

Ikigo cy’Uburayi gishinzwe umutekano w’ibiribwa, Ikigo cy’Uburayi gishinzwe gukumira no kurwanya indwara, Laboratwari y’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi ishinzwe kurwanya ibicurane by’inyoni

PMID：35949938；PMCID：PMC9356771；DOI：10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7415

Mu 2021-2022, ibicurane by’inyoni bitera indwara nyinshi (HPAI) ni byo byagaragaye ko ari icyorezo gikomeye cyane mu Burayi, aho inyoni 2,398 zanduye mu bihugu 36 by’i Burayi, bigatuma inyoni miliyoni 46 zicwa. Hagati ya 16 Werurwe na 10 Kamena 2022, ibihugu 28 by’i Burayi/EEA n’Ubwongereza, ubwoko 1182 bwa virusi itera indwara nyinshi (HPAIV) byakuwe mu nkoko (abantu 750 banduye), mu nyamaswa zo mu gasozi (abantu 410 barwaye) no mu nyoni zari zafashwe (abantu 22 barwaye). Muri iki gihe cy’isuzuma, 86% by’indwara z’inkoko zatewe n’ubwandu bwa HPAIV, aho Ubufaransa bwagize 68% by’indwara z’inkoko muri rusange, Hongiriya yagize 24% naho ibindi bihugu byibasiwe nabyo biri munsi ya 2% buri kimwe. Ubudage bwagize umubare munini w’indwara z’inkoko zo mu gasozi (abantu 158 barwaye), hagakurikiraho Ubuholandi (abantu 98 barwaye) n’Ubwongereza (abantu 48 barwaye).

Ibisubizo by'isesengura ry'imiterere y'umubiri bigaragaza ko HPAIV ikunze kugaragara mu Burayi ahanini iri mu bwoko bwa 2.3.4 b. Kuva raporo iheruka, mu Bushinwa hagaragaye ubwandu bune bwa H5N6, bubiri bwa H9N2 n'ububiri bwa H3N8, naho muri Amerika hagaragaye ubwandu bumwe bwa H5N1. Ibyago byo kwandura byapimwe ko biri hasi ku baturage muri rusange, naho ku baturage bakorerwa ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina mu bihugu by'Uburayi/EEA.

 Amakuru 03

Impinduka ku bisigazwa 127, 183 na 212 ku ngaruka za gene ya HA

Ubudahangarwa bw'ingirabuzimafatizo, ukwiyongera no kuba indwara ya virusi ya H9N2 y'ibicurane by'inyoni

Umufana wa Menglu，Bing Liang，Yongzhen Zhao，Yaping Zhang，Qingzheng Liu，Miao Tian，Yiqing Zheng，Huizhi Xia，Yasuo Suzuki，Hualan Chen，Jihui Ping

PMID ： 34724348 ； DOI ： 10.1111 / tbed.14363

Ubwoko bwa H9N2 bwa virusi y'inkorora y'inyoni (AIV) ni bumwe mu bwoko bw'ingenzi bugira ingaruka ku buzima bw'inganda z'inkoko. Muri ubu bushakashatsi, ubwoko bubiri bwa H9N2 ubwoko bwa AIV bufite inkomoko isa ariko bufite antijeni zitandukanye, bwitwa A/inkoko/Jiangsu/75/2018 (JS/75) na A/inkoko/Jiangsu/76/2018 (JS/76), bwakuwe mu bworozi bw'inkoko. Isesengura ry'uruhererekane ryerekanye ko JS/75 na JS/76 bitandukanye mu bisigazwa bitatu bya aside amine (127, 183 na 212) bya haemagglutinin (HA). Kugira ngo harebwe itandukaniro riri hagati ya JS/75 na JS/76, virusi esheshatu za recombinant zakozwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa reverse genetique hamwe na A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (PR8) nk'uruhererekane rw'ingenzi. Amakuru yavuye mu bizamini by’ibitero by’inkoko n’ibizamini bya HI yagaragaje ko r-76/PR8 yagaragaje uburyo bwo gucika kw’uturemangingo bitewe n’impinduka za aside amine ku myanya ya 127 na 183 muri gene ya HA. ​​Ubushakashatsi bw’inyongera bwemeje ko glycosylation ku kibanza cya 127N yabayeho muri JS/76 no mu bintu byayo byahindutse. Ibizamini byo gufata receptor byagaragaje ko virusi zose zisubiramo, uretse 127N glycosylation-deficient mutant, zoroshye gufatana na receptor humanoid. Kinetics yo gukura n’ibizamini byo gutera imbeba byagaragaje ko virusi ya 127N-glycosylated yiyongeraga gake mu turemangingo twa A549 kandi ko idatera indwara nyinshi mu mbeba ugereranije na virusi yo mu bwoko bwa wild-type. Bityo, glycosylation na aside amine mu gene ya HA ni byo bitera itandukaniro mu antigenism no mu ndwara z’ubwoko bwa 2 H9N2.

Isoko: Ikigo cy’Ubuzima bw’inyamaswa n’icyorezo cy’Ubushinwa