Gufungura Amabanga Yubuzima: Akamaro ko Gukuramo Acide Nucleic

Mu rwego rwa biyolojiya y’ibinyabuzima, gukuramo aside nucleique (ADN na RNA) ni intambwe y’ibanze, itanga inzira y’ibikorwa bitabarika kuva mu bushakashatsi bw’irondakoko kugeza kwisuzumisha kwa muganga. Ibikoresho byo gukuramo aside nucleique byahinduye iki gikorwa, bituma bikora neza, byizewe, kandi bigera kubashakashatsi na laboratoire ku isi. Muri iyi blog, tuzasesengura ibi bikoresho, akamaro k'ibigize, n'ingaruka zabyo mu iterambere rya siyanse.

Niki gikuramo aside nucleic?

Ibikoresho byo gukuramo aside nucleiqueni ibikoresho byabugenewe byo gutandukanya ADN cyangwa RNA muburyo butandukanye bwibinyabuzima, nkamaraso, tissue, selile, ndetse nibidukikije. Ibi bikoresho mubisanzwe birimo reagent zose hamwe na protocole ikenewe kugirango byoroherezwe kuvoma, byemeza ko abashakashatsi bashobora kubona aside irike ya nucleic nziza kandi yanduye cyane.

Uburyo bwo kuvoma

Ibikorwa byo kuvoma mubisanzwe birimo intambwe zingenzi: lysis selile, kwezwa, no gukuraho.

Lysis selile: Intambwe yambere nugukingura selile kugirango urekure acide nucleic. Ubusanzwe ibyo bigerwaho hifashishijwe lisiseri ya liseri irimo ibintu byogeramo imisemburo na enzymes bihagarika ingirabuzimafatizo hamwe na poroteyine.

Isuku: Acide nucleic aside imaze kurekurwa, intambwe ikurikira ni ugukuraho umwanda nka proteyine, lipide, nindi myanda ya selile. Ibikoresho byinshi bifashisha inkingi ya silika cyangwa amasaro ya magneti kugirango uhitemo aside nucleic aside, bityo ukureho umwanda.

Kurandura: Hanyuma, acide nucleic isukuwe isukurwa muri buffer ikwiye, yiteguye kumasoko yo hasi nka PCR, ikurikiranye, cyangwa cloni.

Kuki ukoresha ibikoresho byo gukuramo aside nucleic?

Gukora neza: Uburyo bwo gukuramo aside nucleic gakondo butwara igihe kandi busaba akazi. Gukuramo aside Nucleic ibikoresho byoroshya inzira kandi birashobora kurangiza gukuramo mugihe cyisaha imwe.

Guhuzagurika: Porotokole isanzwe itangwa nibi bikoresho byemeza kubyara no kwizerwa kubisubizo. Ibi nibyingenzi mubigeragezo aho ubunyangamugayo ari ingenzi, nko gusuzuma indwara cyangwa ubushakashatsi.

Guhinduranya: Ibikoresho byinshi byashizweho kugirango bikore ubwoko butandukanye bw'icyitegererezo, bigatuma bikwiranye na porogaramu zitandukanye. Waba ukorana nicyitegererezo cyabantu, ibimera, cyangwa imico ya mikorobe, birashoboka ko hari ibikoresho bihuye nibyo ukeneye.

Umukoresha Nshuti: Ibikoresho byinshi byo gukuramo aside nucleic bizana amabwiriza arambuye kandi byashizweho kugirango byoroshye gukoresha, ndetse kubadashobora kuba badafite uburambe bwa laboratoire. Ibi byahinduye demokarasi uburyo bwa biologiya ya biologiya, bituma abashakashatsi benshi bitabira ubushakashatsi bwerekeye genetiki.

Gukoresha aside nucleic

Acide nucleic yabonetse muri ibi bikoresho irashobora kuba ishingiro ryibikorwa byinshi:

Ubushakashatsi bwa Gene: Sobanukirwa imikorere ya gene, imvugo nubuyobozi.
Kwipimisha kwa Clinical: Kumenya indwara zikomoka ku ngirabuzima fatizo, indwara zandura na kanseri.
Ubumenyi bwa Forensic: Isesengura ryintangarugero za ADN ziperereza ryinshinjabyaha.
Ubuhinzi bw’ibinyabuzima: Gutezimbere ibinyabuzima byahinduwe (GMO) kugirango umusaruro wiyongere.
mu gusoza
Ibikoresho byo gukuramo aside nucleiqueni ibikoresho byingirakamaro muri biologiya ya kijyambere, ituma abashakashatsi bafungura amabanga yubuzima kurwego rwa molekile. Imikorere yabo, guhuzagurika, no guhuza byinshi byahinduye imiterere yubushakashatsi bwerekeranye nubuvanganzo nogusuzuma, byoroshe kuruta ikindi gihe cyose ubushakashatsi bugoye bwa ADN na RNA. Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rikomeje gutera imbere, turashobora kwitega ko ibi bikoresho bigenda bitera imbere, bikingura imiryango mishya yo kuvumbura ubumenyi no guhanga udushya. Waba uri umushakashatsi w'inararibonye cyangwa mushya mu murima, gushora imari mu bikoresho byiza byo gukuramo aside nucleic birashobora kuzamura ireme ry'umurimo wawe kandi bikagira uruhare mu bumenyi bugenda bwiyongera muri genetika.