Uruhare rwingenzi rwiyongera rya acide nucleic muri biotechnology ya none

Mu rwego rwo kwikura vuba muri biotechnology, gukuramo acide ya nucleic (ADN na RNA) byabaye inzira yibanze kubisabwa kuva mubushakashatsi bwa genetike kugeza kuri clicique yubushakashatsi. Kumutima wiyi nzira ni acide ya acide nucleic, igikoresho cyingenzi byoroshya kwigunga kw'aya biomolecules yingenzi kuva ku byitegererezo bitandukanye. Muri iyi blog, tuzasesengura akamaro k'inzuri za acide mucleic, uko bakora, kandi ingaruka zazo ku bushakashatsi mu bumenyi n'ubuvuzi.

Gusobanukirwa acide ya nucleic

Acide nucleic ni ibice byubaka ubuzima, bitwaje amakuru ya genetike akenewe kugirango iterambere rikenewe, iterambere n'imikorere yibinyabuzima byose. ADN (acide deoxyribonucleic) ni igishushanyo mbonera cyumurage wa gisetike, mugihe RNA (acide ribonfucleic) kigira uruhare runini muguhindura amakuru ya geneting mubipimo bya porotetique mubipimo. Ubushobozi bwo gukuramo no gusesengura aya acide nucleic nibyingenzi mubushakashatsi bwinshi bwa siyansi nka senyabucane, transpomics na moleculas.

Akamaro ko gukuramo acide mucleic

Gukuramo acicclect nucleic nintambwe ikomeye muburyo bwinshi bwa laboratoire. Byakoreshwa kumyenda, isesengura cyangwa gene isesengura risesengura, ubuziranenge nubuziranenge bwa acide yakuweho cyane birashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kubisubizo byubushakashatsi. Uburyo gakondo bwo gukuramo, nko gukuramo ibintu bya fenol cyangwa kugwa inzoga, birashobora gutwara imirimo kandi itwara igihe kandi akenshi buganisha ku bisubizo bidahuye. Aha niho ibikoresho byo gukuramo acicclections bizana.

Ihame ryakazi ryigikoresho cyo gukuramo acide nucleic

AcicleKoresha uburyo butandukanye bwo gutandukanya ADNA na RNA kuva muri selile na tissues. Inyongeramutwe nyinshi zigezweho zikoresha sisitemu yikora ihuza intambwe nyinshi zuburyo bwo gukuramo, harimo na lysis, kwezwa, no kwishyuza. Ubu buryo busanzwe bukoresha inkingi zishingiye kuri silica cyangwa amasaro ya magneti kugirango uhitemo acide yahing, bityo ukuraho abanduye nka poroteyine na lipide.

Gusubiramo acide ya nucleic ntabwo bitera imbere gusa imikorere ahubwo bigabanya ibyago byo kwibeshya kwabantu, bikavamo ibisubizo bihoraho kandi byororoka. Byongeye kandi, ibikoresho byinshi byo gukuramo acide byashizweho kugirango utungane ingero nyinshi icyarimwe, biba byiza kubisabwa byinjira murwego rwo hejuru mubushakashatsi hamwe nubuvuzi.

Ubushakashatsi n'ubuvuzi

Ibisabwa bitera aside nucleic biragutse kandi biratandukanye. Muri laboratoire, ibinyabiziga byubushakashatsi nibikoresho byingirakamaro mubushakashatsi bwamoko, bigatuma abahanga mugusesengura itandukaniro rya geneti, gukora ibikorwa bya gene geneti, gukora ibikorwa bya Gene, no gushakisha umubano wihindagurika. Mu igenamiterere ry'ivuriro, gukuramo acide mucleic ni ngombwa ko gusuzuma indwara zanduza, indwara ziterwa na kanseri, na kanseri. Ubushobozi bwo kwihuta kandi neza acide ya nucleic ku byitegererezo byibarwa byemerera imyanzuro ifatika kandi neza.

Byongeye kandi, kuzamuka k'umutima byihariye byagaragaje akamaro k'ibirenge bya acide mucleic. Nkuko inyiya zishushanyije zihujwe na maquift ya genetique igaragara, icyifuzo cya acide acide yo mu rwego rwo hejuru cyuzuye kiri hejuru kizakomeza gukura.

Mu gusoza

Muri make,Aciclenibikoresho byingenzi mumashusho biotechnology, gufasha gufungura-dna na rna byizewe na rna kuva ku ngero zitandukanye. Ingaruka zabo ku bushakashatsi no gusuzuma amavuriro ntizishobora gukeya, mugihe bifasha abahanga hamwe numwuga wubuvuzi kugirango bafungure amabanga ya genome no kunoza ibizavamo. Mugihe tekinoroji ikomeje gutera imbere, turashobora kwitega ko ibirungo bya aside iricle bikomeza guhinduka, gukomeza kongera ubushobozi bwabo hamwe nibisabwa mubumenyi bwubuzima. Waba umushakashatsi, umuganga, cyangwa siyanse ishishikaye, gusobanukirwa uruhare rwa acide ya acide nucleic nurufunguzo rwo gushima iterambere ritangaje ryakozwe mukirere.