Shakisha uburyo butandukanye bwo kuzenguruka mu bushakashatsi mu bushakashatsi

Ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe, buzwi kandi nkimashini ya PCR, nibikoresho byingenzi mubinyabuzima bya molekile na genetiki. Ibi bikoresho bikoreshwa mugukorogura DNN na RNA binyuze muri tekinoroji ya Polymeyese (PCR). Ariko, guhuza abantu baburarugero ntabwo bigarukira gusa kubisaba PCR. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasesengura inzira zitandukanye ubushyuhe bukoreshwa mubushakashatsi ningirakamaro mugutezimbere ubumenyi bwa siyansi.

1.. PCR Yongerewe

Imikorere yibanze ya aUbushyuhe Byclerni ugukora amplifigishishishiranga PC, ari ngombwa kubintu bitandukanye bifatika bya molecular. Mugukurikiza ADN cyangwa RNA Icyitegererezo cy'uruhererekane rw'ubushyuhe, cyclers ubushyuhe buringaniye, kugambana, no kwagura imirongo ya acide mucleic, bikagukana ingufu za acide muclecial, zituma ongeramo intego yihariye. Iyi nzira ni ingenzi cyane kubisesengura genetique, gene tanga mvugo, no kumenya abakozi banduye.

2. Umubare wa PCR (QPCR)

Usibye PCR isanzwe ya PCR, imbuga zamatara zikoreshwa kuri pcr cyangwa QPCR, wemerera umubare wa acide ya nucleic ku cyitegererezo. Mugushiramo ibifungo cyangwa ibishoboka byose, ubushyuhe bwumuriro burashobora gupima kwinuba ibicuruzwa bya PCR mugihe nyacyo, gutanga ubushishozi bwingirakamaro murwego rwa gene, umutwaro wa virusi, no gutandukana.

3. Guhindura inyandiko PCR (RT-PCR)

Ubushyuhe bufite ubushyuhe bugira uruhare runini muri PCR Revercription PCR, tekinike ihindura RNA muri ADN Yuzuzanya (CDNA) kubiryo byashize. Ubu buryo nibyingenzi mukwiga imvugo ya gene, virusi ya RNA, na MRNA imiterere. Ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe bufite ubushyuhe busobanutse nibyingenzi kugirango intsinzi ya RT-PCR igerageza.

4. PC ya digitale

Iterambere ryikoranabuhanga rya The Cyrmal ryatumye PCR ya digitale, uburyo bworoshye cyane bwo kugereranya acide nucleic. Mugabanye reaction ya PCR mubihumbi bya microreactions kugiti cye, harashobora kumenya neza icyerekezo cyambere cyintego, gikora pcr pcr igikoresho cyingirakamaro mukumenya no kopi yisesengura ryumubare.

5. Gutegura amasomero ahakurikira

Ubushyuhe bw'amasuka nigice cyingenzi cyibikorwa byo gutegura isonga kubisekuruza bizakurikiranye (Ngs) Porogaramu. Mugukora ibiciro bya PCR bishingiye kuri DNmo, Ubushyuhe bwumuriro bufasha kubaka amasomero akurikiranwe kubikoresho bitangiriyeho, bituma abashakashatsi basesengura genome yose, transctome, cyangwa epigenome.

6. Ubwubatsi na mutarusi

Usibye acide ya acic Urubuga - ruyobowe nandagenesis, imvugo ya poroteyine yo kwemeza, kandi igenzura ubushakashatsi bwihindagurika akenshi bushingiye ku buhanga bwa PCR hamwe n'ubushyuhe bushingiye ku bushyuhe no kugenzura ubushyuhe no gushyushya kimwe bikabije kugira ngo tubone ibisubizo nyabyo kandi bikonje.

7. Kwipimisha ibidukikije no mu biribwa

Ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi bukoreshwa mugupima ibidukikije no mu biribwa, cyane cyane kumenya indwara z'indwara za mikorobe, ibinyabuzima byahinduwe mu buryo bwa gitugereranyo (GMOS) hamwe n'indabyo z'ibiribwa. Ibizamini bya PCR bikora kuri cyclers yubushyuhe butuma kumenyekanisha byihuse kandi byihariye byanduye, bubimenyesha umutekano nubwiza bwibiryo nibidukikije.

Muri make,cyclenibikoresho byimpapuro zibinyabuzima bya molekile hamwe nubushakashatsi bwa genetiki, gutanga porogaramu nini irenze kwa PCR gakondo PCR. Guhinduranya no gusobanuka kwabo bituma biba ngombwa ko ubushakashatsi bwibasiye gene isesengura rya gene kugirango bakurikiranwe ibidukikije. Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rikomeje gutera imbere, abafarisi ryubushyuhe birashoboka ko bagira uruhare rukomeye mugutwara ubumenyi bwa siyansi no guhanga udushya.